INTRODUCTION TO 8051 MICROCONTROLLER

  INTRODUCTION 

this is developed by Intel company,IN 1990S.

DEFINION OF MICROCONTROLLER:

A microcontroller is a low cost and small micro computer,which is designed to perform the specific task of embedded system like displaying micro waves information. 

A general micro controller consist of the processor memory ,serial ports, pherrials.

                     8051 microcontroller 

TYPES OF MICROCONTROLLER:

microcontroller controller are divided into various  categories  based on memory, architecture, bit,instruction sef

1.BASED ON BIT CONFIGURATION OF MICROCONTROLLER 

1. 8-bit microcontroller:  This type of microcontroller  is used to execute arithmetic and logical operation like add, sub,mul.

2.16-bit microcontroller:This type of microcontroller is used to perform  arthimetic and logical operations where higher accuracy performance is required. 

3.32- bit microcontroller: This type of microcontroller is generally used to automatically controlled applications like arm cortex m3.

MEMORY BASED MICROCONTROLLER:

1.external memory micro controller:this type of microcontroller are not perform memory chip

2.embedded memory microcontroller: This type of controllers is used to program data and memory and timers are inserted to design.

INSTRUCTION SET BASED MICROCONTROLLER:

1.complex based instructionset computer: it is used to insert a signal instructions. 

2.Reduced based instruction set computer: this type of computers are reduced the operational time by sorting method.

APPLICATIONS:

1.tvs,video games,electronics gadgets

2.light sending and controlled device

3.fire alaram

4.measuing voltmeter device

ADVANTAGES:

1.low time required to perform

2.flexible and low cost 

3.small size

4.easy to interface 

DISADVANTAGES:

1.it is utilize in micro equipment 

2.complex structure 

3.number of execution are limited

PIN DESCRIPTION OF 8051 MICRO CONTROLLER:

                       8051 PIN DIAGRAM 

PIN DESCRIPTION:

1.pin 1to 8: it is port1.this port is used to does not but serves any other function to data.

2.pin 10 to 17: it is port 3. This are special purpose functions like interrupts, control signals,timers signals,serial ports.

3.pin 9: it is reset PIN when it is used to reset the micro controller 

4.pin 18 to 19: this PIN are used to interfacing an external crystal to get system clock 

5. PIN 20:it is ground PIN it is supply power.

6.pin 21 to 28:it is port 2.this are serves data to other functions.

7. PIN 29: this is TSEN PIN which stands for program to store enable .it is used to read a data.

8.pin 31:this is EA PIN. This is used to enable and disable process.

9.pin 30: it is ALE PIN.it stands for address latch enable. It is used to deultipler.

10.pin 32 to 39: it is port 0.it is used to serves data to other function. 

11.pin 40: it power supply PIN.